Merchandising

List of Garment Machine with Specifications and Functions

Garment Machine:

Garment machine or garments machinery plays an important role for making the finished product in readymade apparel industry. There are different types of garment machine used during garments manufacturing. This article has presented all the garment machine of apparel industry with their specifications and functions.

List of Apparel Machinery with Specifications and Functions:

SL No.	Name of Machine (Company Name)	Function of Machine	Remarks
01	Hand or paddle sewing machine (Butterfly, China)	Sewing the garments	Working condition
02	Industrial single needle lock stitch machine (Taking, China)	Sewing all types of fabric)	Working condition
03	2-Needle plain sewing machine (Sunsir, China)	Sewing the garments	Working condition
04	Flat lock sewing machine (Taking, China)	Used to sew knit fabric	Working condition
05	High speed 2-Needle 5-Thread over lock machine (Taking, China)	Lock the end of fabric by sewing	Working condition
06	Over lock machine (Juki, Japan)	Secure edge of garments	Working condition
07	Button stitch machine (Consew, Japan)	Attach the button with garments	Working condition
08	Leather cutting (Taking, China)	To cut leather	Working condition
09	Embroidery machine (Consew, Japan)	Produce design with the help of thread on fabric surface	Working condition
10	Bar taking machine (Taking, China)	Making loop in the pant	Working condition
11	Kansai special machine (Hoseki, China)	Attach elastic to jacket or coat)	Working condition
12	Button hole machine (Taking, China)	Produce hole in the fabric for button attaching	Working condition
13	Snap button machine (TK-Super, China)	Manually attach repeat button	Working condition
14	Dismatic machine (Butterfly, China)	Sewing the fabric at specific design using different dick	Working condition
15	Rib cutter	Cut off rib of knit garments	Working condition
16	Collar turning and blocking machine (NGAI SHING, China)	Used for collar finishing	Working condition
17	Fusing machine (Shanghai jieshi clothing machine co. ltd., China)	Used for finishing collar lining	Working condition
18	Computerized embroidery machine (Hoseki, China)	Making design with thread by using computer	Working condition
19	Band knife cutting machine (Oshima, China)	Used to cut off fabric at small size	Working condition
20	Fashion Maker Desmatic machine (Singer, China)	Sewing the fabric at specific design using different disk	Working condition
21	Straight knife cutting machine (FJM Dalian, China)	Used to cut off fabric	Working condition

Wool Fibre | Properties of Wool Fibre

Wool Fibre:

Wool is a protein fibre. It is extracted from sheep. There are various types of wool. Marino wool is the best wool fibre because its length is reasonable. Fineness is good here and in most cases it has natural crimp.

Wool fibre

Properties of Wool Fibre:

There are some key properties of wool which are pointed out in the below:

Length,
Fineness,
Elastic property,
Effect of heat,
Cross sectional shape,
Strength and extension,
Appearance,
Effect of chemical,
Effect of biological agents,
End use.

All the above properties have explained in the following:

1. Length:

Length of wool fibre varies from 2 inch to twelve inch depending on type of fibre and the interval length of time of collection.

2. Fineness:

Generally, longer the fibre coarser the fibre. Here, fineness varies from 3-15 dtex that is corser than cotton fibre.

3. Elastic property:

Wool is the best natural fibre in respect of good recovery from deformation.

4. Effect of heat:

Burns with burning hair smell with specific sound.

5. Cross sectional shape:

It is roughly circular or elliptical in cross section. Some fibres are solid and some fibres have small intermittent holes which are called Kemp fibres.

6. Strength and extension:

Wool is weak fibr. Its tenacity varies from 1 to 15 g/dtex but very high extension at break which is 35%.

7. Appearance:

It is characterized by crimp and scales. Due to crimp it is bulkier and wormer. Due to scle it has differential friction which is not present in cotton. Due to scales and extensibility, its feeling property is good. Color varies depending n the types of wool.

8. Effect of chemical:

In case of water, moisture regain of wool is 19% and when wet strength reduces about 20%.

In case of alkali, alkali degrades the wool fibre, changes color and reduces strength. Treatment of wool in 5% NaOH solution dissolves the fibre.

In case of acid, wool is safe in acid. In carbonizing wool 5% sulfuric acid solution is used to remove vegetable and cellulosic materials.

In case of solvent, wool is safe in solvent also. Hence dry cleaning is popular for woolen garments.

9. Effect of biological agents:

It’s attacked by moth, wind, rain and sunlight degrades the wool fibre.

10. End use:

Critical care is needed for the woolen garments because it may shrink during laundering or washing.

Important Questions in Garment Washing

Garment Washing:

Garment washing is the vast place for the textile engineers or chemical engineers to prove their capability in today’s ready made garment business. New comers of this sector have to learn so many in the earlier stage of their job to sustain here. As a result, so many questions have arisen in their mind. As its importance, this article has presented some common questions with their answer.

Basic Questions of Garment Washing:

There are some common questions in garment washing which are frequently asked by the new comer of this sector. Those questions have pointed out in the below with their answer:

1. Why de-size or de-sizing process is important in garment washing?

De-sizing is so much important due to the below reasons:

To remove the sizing materials.
To remove the starch.
To increase the water absorption capacity.
To modify for scouring and bleaching.
To increase the affinity of fabric to chemicals.
To increase the luster after dyeing and printing.

2. What types of problem arise at de-sizing process?

The following problems have arisen during de-sizing process:

If the water is less crease mark will come.
If antiback stainer is less, back staining is more that affect the pocket.
Garments will dull if back staining is more.
If the de-size process will not good, the next process will be affected.

3. Why enzyme process is so important in garment washing?

Some important reasons for which enzyme process is so much important in garments wash:

To remove the color from fabric.
To achieve desired shade.
To achieve cast color.
To achieve desired abrasion.
To increase the cleanliness of garments.

4. What types of problems occurred during enzyme process?

There are some common problems which are seen during enzyme process mentioned in the below:

If water less, crease mark will come.
If enzyme time is more, seam will be damaged.
If enzyme percentage is more that time indigo will lose before abrasion coming.
If enzyme percentage will less, time required more and garments will be damaged.

5. Why bleaching process is important in garment washing?

For the below reasons, bleaching has great importance in garments washing:

To remove the natural color.
To clean up the garments.
To remove stain from the apparel.
To get the desired shade provided by the buyer.

6. What types of problem happened during bleaching stages?

There are some problems which are frequently happened during bleaching process:

If the water percentage is low that time crease mark will come.
If bleach percentage is more, garments will loose the color very quickly.
If the machine will not running at the time of bleach added, bleach spot will come there.
If the machine RPM is high then garments shade will be uneven.

7. Mention some problems that happened for resin application in garment washing.

Those problems are mentioned in the below:

If the resin application is more on specific area that garments will tear.
If we use the same process more than one time then tear may come.
If oven time is more, tear may come.
If oven temperature is excessively high, tear m ay come.
If we used resin more, garments will hard more.
Due to using of resin, garments will be unwanted spotted.
Due to using of resin, sometimes pocket may damage.

8. What are the processes normally used in the dry process section of garment washing?

All the important dry processes of garments washing have pointed out in the below:

Hand sand,
Sand blasting,
Whisker,
Destroy,
PP spray,
Tagging,
Grinding,
Crinkle,
3D crinkle,
Heat pressing,
PP rubbing,
Resin spray,
Pocket marking,
Seam marking,
Centre crease,
Pigment spray,
Crimping,
PP spot,
Bleach spot,
Resin spot etc.

9. Which types of wash mainly applied in garment washing?

There are various types of wash applied in garments washing. Those are in the following:

Light wash,
Rinse wash,
Sand wash,
Garment wash,
Enzyme wash,
Bleach wash,
Enzyme bleach wash,
Heavy enzyme + stone wash,
Heavy enzyme + stone wash + bleach wash,
Softener silicon wash,
Acid wash,
Tie wash,
Towel bleach wash,
Crystal wash,
Rubber ball wash etc.

10. Point out some problems that happened during garment washing.

Some common problems of garments washing are in the below:

Fabric strength sometimes less.
Zipper color changed due to alkali solution.
Fabrics weight less.
If the garments load is high then crease mark will come.
If garments load is high at hydro then crease mark will come.
If time is more at hydro, garments will be damaged by its tension.

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