Carton Square Meter Rate Calculation

Introduction:

Carton consumption is a very important matter in ready made garments sector. Every garments merchandiser should have clear idea about it. Though there are so many garments merchandisers, whom have no correct idea about carton consumption. As its importance in garments merchandising, today I will present here an easy method for carton consumption calculation in apparel industry.

Image result for carton picture
You may follow Fabric Consumption Calculation Formula for Different Apparel

Carton Box:

Carton box is made by using ply board. Ply board can be 3ply, 5ply or 7ply. Carton box is needed to deliver the finished goods to the buyer. It should be strong enough to protect the finished goods. Goods may damage during transportation if the quality of carton box is not good and ultimately buyer will complain if there’s any damage in the goods. At present, some buyer asks to do busting test of carton box to ensure the right quality of carton box. It should be noted that, every carton boxes should have two ply boards to increase product security.

Carton Consumption Calculation Method in Garments Industry:

Here, carton consumption means “consumption of ply board”. Because, carton box is made by using ply board. Before calculating ply board consumption or carton consumption, a garments merchandiser should confirm the following information:
  1. Length of carton in cm,
  2. Width of carton in cm,
  3. Height of carton in cm.
Now by using the below formula, a garment merchandiser can easily calculate ply board consumption or carton consumption in apparel industry.


Now, I will submit an example here to remove your all the confusions from the above discussion.

Example:

Suppose, a 7 ply carton having length 60cm, width 40cm and height 20cm. Now calculate ply board consumption or carton consumption for 300pcs carton box.

Solution:

Here,
Length of carton- 60cm,
Width of carton- 40cm,
Height of carton- 20cm,
Total carton-300pcs.
So,
Ply board consumption (Per pc carton in square meter),


{(Length + Width + Allowance) X (Width + Height + Allowance) X 2}

= .................................................................................................................

                                                  10000


{(60+ 40+ 6) x (40+ 20+ 4) x 2}

=........................................................
                            10000

= 1.36 square meter per pc carton.

So,
For 1pc carton, 7 ply board needs 2.74 square meters.
And,
For 300 pcs carton, 7 ply board needs (1.36 × 300) = 408 square meters.

How to Measure Garments Button Ligne/ Button Length ?

What is Button Ligne?
A button's ligne, refers to a button's size. The word ligne, is a French word that became the standard reference used by German button manufacturers in the early eighteenth century. Ligne is expressed as “L” which is the internationally recognized standard. Consensus at the time was that a "ligne" measured the inside diameter of a "round wick folded flat." One inch is equal to 40 English ligne, 11 French ligne, and 25.5 mm.



Measuring a button - When measuring buttons, we generally are referring to the diameter of the button.   A one inch diameter is called a 40-ligne, which can also be written as 40 Line or simply 40L.

Button Size Measurement Method in Garments Sector:

To measure the button size, we have to use ligne.


We Know,
1 inch = 25.4 mm = 40L
So, 1L = 0.635 mm

Button Ligne (L) = Button Diameter (mm)/0.635

Example-01:
If the button diameter is 14.20 mm then what will be the size of button?

Solution:
Here,
Button diameter = 14.20 mm,

So,

ButtonLigne(L) = Button Diameter (mm)/0.635

= 14.20 / 0.635
= 22 L

Different Ligne Button Used In Different Garments :
Typically shirt buttons range from 13 ligne on the Collar (if button down), 15 on the Sleeve, and 16 thru 20 ligne are generally used on the placket.  Pant buttons generally have a 22 or 24 ligne on the front closure, and either a 2427 or 28 ligne .On the back pockets.  Men’s Tailored Suits generally have a 24-ligne button on the sleeve and pant closure, and a 32 ligne on the Jacket closure, some double breasted suits use a 34 or 36 Ligne.

Button Quantities
Buttons are for the most part priced and sold by the gross or GG. One gross equals 144 individual buttons & also 1 GG equals 1728 individual buttons.  Although some high fashion buttons are priced by the piece or by the dozen, the standard unit we use at is gross.

Button Holes
This is in reference to the number of holes in the button. Buttons can be made with 2 holes, 3- holes, 4-holes and even 5-holes.  Menswear items typically are 4-hole, and Women’s clothing typically has 2-holes.  The button holes are frequently recessed from the edge, forming a “center well”.

How to Measure Sewing Button Size and Quantity in Garments Factory

In garments factory, sewing button size is calculated by three units e.g. in mm (millimeter), inch and ligne in accordance with buyer's instructions.




For finding out Button Size in mm and inch, we need measure the dia of button with measurement tape. To find out Button Size in ligne, we need divide button's mm dia by 0.635.




Button's Dia
Button's Dia


Button size calculation : 
1 inches = 40 ligne = 2.54 cm, 

1 ligne = 0.635 mm

Now find out ligne of a button with 10mm Dia?

Answer: 10 ÷ 0.635 = 15.75 ligne or 16 L (L refers to ligne or ligner) 

(Formula: button dia in mm ÷ 0.635= button ligne)


Sewing Buttons
Sewing Buttons


Button quantity calculation:

12 pcs = 1 dozen, 

12 dozen = 1 gross, 

12 gross = 1 GG 

1 GG = 1728 pcs (GG means Great Gross)

Suppose: 

A shirt has 6 buttons, total order quantity 3456 pcs, find out total button quantity for the order.

Answer: 6 × 3456 ÷ 1728 = 12 GG. 

(Formula: number of buttons per product × order quantity ÷ 1728)
(1 GG = 1728 pcs)

Note: Extra quantity (minimum 3%) is added while counting buttons for an order to save garments from risk in case of shortage due to defective & damaged.




Poly Bags Consumption & Costing in Apparel Industries

Most used poly bags in garments industries are PP (polypropylene) poly bags, PE (polyethylene) & LDPE (low density polyethylene), HDPE (high density polyethylene) etc. Basically there’re three different ways to measure poly bags thickness. These are:

(1) Mil (1 mil = 1/1000 of an inch)

(2) Microns (1 microns = 1/1000 of a mm)

(3) Gauge (1 gauge = 1/100000 of an inch)

Conversion, 1 mil = 25 microns = 100 gauge.

Note: Gauge is the most used system of counting poly bags’ thickness worldwide.




Poly Bag
Poly Bag

A poly bags having length 30 inches, flap 3 inches, width 16 inches, poly thickness 150 gauge. Now find out weight of 1000 pcs poly bags? Answer: {(30 + 1.5) x 16 x 150 / 3300} = 22.91 KGs for 1000 pcs 

Formula: KGs needed for 1000 pcs poly bags = {(length + half flap) X width X gauge / 3300}

Now, if we want to find out weight of 1 pcs poly bag, then we need divide the outcome with 1000. 

Answer:
 22.91 / 1000 = 0.023 KGs. (1 pcs poly bag weight)

Note: You see, I count flap measurement in half (1.5 inches) during calculation because flap is single layer. And length, width of a poly bag is double layer.

Now the question is 1 lbs. polymer price is 0.40 USD, find out cost of 22.91 KGs polymer?Answer: 22.91 x 2.2 x 0.40 = 20.16 USD. (1 KG = 2.2 lbs.) 

A poly bags having length 30 inches, flap 3 inches, width 16 inches, poly thickness 150 gauge. 1 lbs. polymer price is BDT 40. Now find out cost of 1 pcs poly bag? Answer: {(30 + 1.5) x 16 x 150 / 3300 / 1000 x 2.2 x 40} = 2.01 BDT. (Bangladeshi Taka). 

An Overview of Poly Bag Used in Apparel Industry

In the standard format for describing a bag:
  • the width of the bag is always taken to be the side that opens, so this is normally, but not necessarily, the shorter side.
  • the width of the bag is given before the length.
  • the thickness of the bag is given last and is usually expressed in 'gauge' (100 gauge = 1/1000 of an inch).
  • hence the size of a bag is given as: Width (inches) x Length (inches) x Thickness (Gauge).
Flat BagsFlat Bags
Ziplock BagsZiplock Bags
For example: if a bag is said to be 4" x 6" x 150 gauge then the bag is 4" wide by 6" long with 150 gauge thickness and the bag will open on the 4" width.

How thick is thick?

100 gauge - a 1/1000 of an inch.
120 gauge - 'light duty' - good for protective covering.
250 gauge - 'medium duty' - good for holding light materials.
500 gauge - 'heavy duty' - where strength is required.

Metric and Imperial - a complication!

Most measurements are given in imperial (inches and gauge) but some of us prefer to use metric scales and the conversions are as follows:
1" = 25.4 mm
400 gauge = 100 micron
For example: a 4"x 6" x 150 gauge bag is the same as a 102mm x 152mm x 37.5 micron bag.

Gussets - a complication!

Some bags have a gusset at the sides to help the bag open out more and enable a greater volume of items to be put in - a good example is a refuse sack. Others have a gusset at the bottom to enable a wide product to fit in - a good example is a carrier bag.
Gussted BagsGusseted Bags
  • A side gusset is expressed as a bag being x" wide opening to y" wide. For example: if a refuse sack is 16 x 25" x 39" this means it is 16" wide opening to 25" wide when the gusset is opened, with a bag length of 39"
  • A bottom gusset is expressed as + x". For example: if a carrier bag is 15" x 18" + 3" then the carrier is 15" wide by 18" long with a bottom gusset of 3".
D - Total depth
L - Length
W - Width
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